Mammals in Japan were first studied by foreigners about 200 years ago. Later, in the Meiji period (1868–1912), experts on mammals appeared at universities and museums, and in the 1920s, Japanese researchers started classifying mammals by themselves. The first academic society on mammalogy in Japan was organized in 1923, although it was only after the war that the study of mammals began in earnest. First, let’s trace back the history of mammalogy in Japan, focusing on our predecessors.

Most curious three beasts in the world
From left : Choeropsis liberiensis, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, Okapia jonstoni

In the history of mammalogy in Japan, the National Museum of Nature and Science, or Kahaku, has played an important role in collecting specimens and in promoting science education. This chapter will survey the changes in the museum's mammal collection over time, while introducing specimen preparation techniques which have developed along with the progress of mammalogy.

Raphicerus sharpei
（mounted skin）

Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis （tanned skin）

Orycteropus afer
（study skin）

Mogera wogura
（flat skin, card skin）

Since WWII, technological advancement and increased interest in the natural environment have led to the diversification of mammalogy. So, in which direction is the mammalogy passed down from our predecessors headed? Looking ahead to the future of mammalogy, we will introduce the work that we are doing as a museum.